To begin, let us recall the personal pronouns that act as the subject:
Singular |
Plural |
||
je |
(I) |
nous |
(we) |
tu |
(you) |
vous |
(you) |
il |
(he) |
ils |
(they - males) |
elle |
(she) |
elles |
(they - females) |
Je veux vous aider. - I want to help you.
Il va au bureau. - He is going to the office / service.
Elle fait des commissions. - She is shopping.
Nous avons beaucoup d’amis. - We have a lot of friends.
Vous prenez du café. - You drink coffee.
Ils font leurs études à la Sorbonne. - They study at the Sorbonne.
Elles habitent rue arbat. - They live on Arbat Street.
Personal pronouns are always followed by a verb, but the stressed pronouns are quite independent, i.e. are used without a verb.
Singular |
Plural |
||
moi |
(Me) |
nous |
(we) |
toi |
(you) |
vous |
(you) |
lui |
(he) |
eux |
(they - male) |
elle |
(she) |
elles |
(they - female) |
Soi is a stressed pronoun, which is used with “on”, i.e. "we":
On est bien chez soi - "We" are fine at home.
Let's consider the cases of their use:
• in combination with the words même (oneself), seul (one, single, himself), aussi (too), non plus (also not);
• in the imperative mood instead of me and te;
• in incomplete sentences;
• in comparisons;
• in exclamations;
• in the presence of two subject or additives;
• and in expositive constructions c’est / ce sont ... qui / que.
Qui a appris la poésie? - Moi. - Who learned the poem? - Me.
Qui a commencé? - C’est lui. - Who started? - It's him.
Chez qui réunissez-vous? - Chez eux. - Who are you going? - Them.
Pour qui as-tu acheté les fleurs? - Pour toi. - For whom did you buy flowers? - For you.
Je le ferai moi-même. - I will do it myself.
Lui seul peut nous aider. - Only he can help us.
Eux non plus n’ont pas composed l’idée principale du speaker. - They did not understand the main idea of the speaker either.
Ce gamin court plus vite que moi. - This boy runs faster than me.
Dis-moi toute la vérité et nous tacherons d’améliorer la situation. - Tell me the whole truth, and we will try to improve the situation.
Tes mains sont toutes sales. Lave-toi tout de suite! - You have dirty hands. Now wash yourself!
Moi, laver la vaisselle? Jamais de ma vie! - Me, do the dishes? Never in my life!
Ce sont elles que nous avons rencontrées devant le monument. - We met them in front of the monument.
Lui, à pied? Je n’en crois pas mes yeux. - Is he walking? I can `t believe my eyes.
… L’étranger me crie d’arrêter, et moi de courir. “... a stranger shouts to me to stop but I run.”
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