Grammatical tenses in English, is fact their formation and rules of use, often give us trouble. There are many subtleties in the meaning, shades and choice of a particular tense. That is why we offer you a comparative table of basic grammatical tenses with the rules and examples of their use in speech.
Tense |
+ |
- |
? |
Present simple
(regular activities) |
I work You work They work We work
He works She works It works |
Do not (don’t) Does not (doesn’t)
I, You, They, We don’t work
He, She, It doesn’t work |
Do? Does?
Do I, You, They, We work?
Does He, She, It work? |
Present continuous
(activities which are happening at the moment of speaking OR planned actions in the future) |
I am You are They are We are working He is She is It is |
I am not You are not They are not We are not working He is not She is not It is not |
Am I Are you Are they Are we working? Is he Is she Is it |
Past simple
(completed not repeated activities in the past. Date or time when the action happened is IMPORTANT)
|
-ed / irregular verb
I worked You worked They worked We worked He worked She worked It worked |
Did not (didn’t)
I didn’t work You didn’t work They didn’t work We didn’t work He didn’t work She didn’t work It didn’t work |
Did?
I You Did they work? We He She It |
Past continuous (continuous action in the past) |
Was / were + -ing
I was You were They were We were working He was She was It was |
Was not / were not + -ing
I was not You were not They were not We were not working He was not She was not It was not |
Was/were SUBJECT –ing
Was I Were you Were they Were we working? Was he Was she Was it |
Be going to
(Is used to speak about planned activities or intentions in the future) |
I am You are They are We are going to work He is She is It is |
I am not You are not They are not We are not going to work He is not She is not It is not |
Am I Are you Are they Are we going to work? Is he Is she Is it |
Future Simple
(Unplanned, spontaneous activities in the future. Predictions and forecasts)
|
Will + V
I will You will They will We will work She will He will It will |
Will not (Won’t)
I won’t You won’t They won’t We won’t work She won’t He won’t It won’t |
Will SUBJECT?
Will I Will you Will they Will we work? Will she Will he Will it |
Present perfect
(Activity which has just finished or its result is important in present) |
Have / has + V-ed (III form)
I have You have We have They have finished She has He has It has |
Have / has not + V –ed (III form)
I have not You have not They have not We have not finished She has not He has not It has not |
Have / has SUBJECT +V
Have I Have you Have they Have we finished? Has she Has he Has it |
Past perfect (Shows an action that had happened in the past before another action in the past: |
Had + V-ed (III form)
I had You had We have They had finished She had He had It had |
Had not + V –ed (III form)
I had not You had not They had not We had not finished She had not He had not It had not |
Had SUBJECT +V
Had I Had you Had they Had we finished? Had she Had he Had it |
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